低温胁迫下佛手和枳乙烯应答因子6（ERF6）表达变化的比较分析

 以柑橘属寒敏感植物佛手‘青皮’品种叶片cDNA为模板,通过RT-PCR与RACE扩增,获得一个1 160 bp的乙烯应答因子（ethylene response factor,ERF）基因的cDNA序列,其基因编码区共999 bp,含有一个保守的AP2/EREBP结构域,与拟南芥AtERF6为同源基因,命名为CmsERF6（GenBank登录号为HQ698835）。4 ℃低温处理佛手和枳（柑橘属近缘种耐寒植物）植株,测定其寒胁迫生理指标（电解质渗出率、丙二醛含量）。使用实时荧光定量PCR,对佛手和枳叶中的ERF6表达含量进行测定分析,结果表明：低温对佛手与枳的ERF6表达均具有诱导作用,且表达量的变化趋势存在明显的差异。尤其在枳中,ERF6的表达较对照组上升约4 000倍,且电解质外渗率的变化与ERF6基因表达量变化具有一致性,说明ERF6基因参与低温胁迫应答。     

水杨酸对杏树花期抗寒性及坐果率的影响

以室温蒸馏水处理为对照,分别用浓度为0、2、10、20、40、80 m g.L-1的水杨酸溶液处理张公园杏初开花朵,放入0℃恒温培养箱4 h,取出后测定花朵的外渗电导率值、呼吸强度、雌蕊的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性及丙二配醛的含量,结果表明:水杨酸可有效抑制由低温引起的细胞电解质外渗,提高呼吸速率,提高雌蕊超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性,减少丙二醛的积累。还在田间条件下,以7年生3个品种的杏树为试材,于初花期分别用浓度为0、2、10、20、40 m g.L-1的水杨酸溶液进行喷施,结果发现:浓度为10 m g.L-1的水杨酸能够极显著地提高骆驼黄、华县接杏品种的坐果率,但其对张公园品种的影响却并未达到显著水平。认为在杏树初花期喷施一定浓度的水杨酸可以起到预防低温伤害及提高产量的作用。     

转双抗虫基因741杨嫩枝扦插苗抗寒性的研究

为研究转双抗虫基因741杨不同时期扦插苗的抗寒性,以5月、6月、7月、8月嫩枝扦插苗为试验材料,进行低温处理,测定生理反应和恢复生长能力。结果表明,7月、8月嫩枝扦插苗可溶性蛋白质含量低,-15℃以下低温相对电导率明显增高,枝条皮部逐渐变黑,芽失去萌发能力;而5月、6月嫩枝扦插苗对寒冷适应性较强,-15℃以下低温仍具一定恢复生长能力。     

在低温锻炼中毛白杨幼苗可溶性总蛋白、RNA、DNA、RNase及抗冻性的变化

低温锻炼不仅提高了毛白杨幼苗存活率和抗冻性以及RNA和可溶性总蛋白的含量 ,降低了RNase活性 ,而且能减轻低温胁迫引起的RNA和可溶性总蛋白含量的下降程度和RNase活性的提高 ,有利于幼苗在恢复过程中RNA和可溶性总蛋白水平的迅速回升以及RNase活性的降低 .进一步研究发现 ,DNA含量无论在低温锻炼中还是在低温胁迫下或是在随后的恢复生长期均保持相对稳定 ;低温锻炼所引起的RNA含量的增加 ,与RNase活性的降低呈明显的负相关 ,与可溶性总蛋白含量的增加以及幼苗抗冻性的提高成正相关 .这表明低温锻炼可能抑制RNase活性 ,有效地促进RNA含量的增加 ,而RNA可能参与了可溶性总蛋白的合成及抗冻性的诱导     

Thermal properties of interior decorating material and the sensation of cold/warm by contact II: the relations among heat flux, temperature change of material, and sensation of cold/warm by contact

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in heat flux and temperature after the subject's palm was in contact with interior decorating materials. The relations among heat flux, temperature, and sensation of cold/warm during contact were studied. Ten men and ten women were selected and introduced to 21 materials for the contact test. They were in contact with the specimens for 30min without seeing them in a climate-controlled room at 25°±1°C and 65% RH. Changes in the heat flux and temperature of the specimens were determined by a heat flux meter. A sensory evaluation test was applied to evaluate the cold-warm contact. Results indicated that the heat flux and temperature increased with increasing time after the subject's palm was in contact with the specimens. The heat flux (Q ₃₀) and temperature (T ₃₀) 30min after the subject's palm contacted the specimens were greater for male subjects than for female subjects. A positive linear regression equation existed between the values for Q₃₀ andT ₃₀, whereas a negative linear regression formula existed the sensation of cold-warm by contact (5) and the values of ln(Q ₁·). Therefore, the sensation of cold/warm by contact could be estimated simply by using the thermal physical properties of the interior decorating materials.Part of this report was presented at the International Conference on Effective Utilization of Plantation Timber, Chi-Tou, Taiwan, ROC, May 1999     

A jack pine survival model for spring-lifting and planting delays in Ontario

The general problem of developing a model capable of exploring the survival response of seedlings to tradeoffs in the timing of spring lifting, planting and cold storage was investigated. After the construction of an overall model framework, one general and three specific functions to predict first-year survival for batches of 2 + 0 jack pine seelings were developed. The independent variables required by the functions include: cold storage duration (days), average air and soil temperature during planting (°C), cumulative degree days at time of planting (°C), ratio of terminal-to-top length at time of lifting, and cumulative degree days at time of lifting (°C). A brief example of the type of use to which such functions could be put, and an indication of the expected level of confidence that may be placed in such a prediction, is presented. The survival functions developed in this study were not designed for widespread use throughout the Province of Ontario. At most they should be limited to 2 + 0 jack pine planting stock originating from Swastika Nursery, and planted nearby.Approved for publication as Journal Article No. J-7315 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University.     

东北耐寒彩色树种引种现状综述

城市的园林绿化、美化、彩化是现代化城市文明程度的重要标志。由于受东北寒冷气候条件的限制,适宜在该地区生长的优良美化、彩化树种较少,影响了园林效果。本文介绍了引进耐寒彩色树种的地理分布、形态特征、生态习性、繁殖方法、观赏价值和引种驯化结果,并对耐寒型彩色树种在我国东北寒冷地区的推广应用前景进行了展望。     

原木内部腐朽应力波二维图像的获取与分析

应用Arbotom应力波检测系统,对东北林区3个针叶树种(云杉、冷杉、落叶松)和9个阔叶树种(白桦、色木、椴木、杨木、水曲柳、核桃楸、榆木、铁木和柞木)的原木内部腐朽进行检测,并对原木内部腐朽面积的实际估算值和检测估算值进行比较分析.结果表明:Arbotom应力波无损检测系统可以获取原木内部腐朽的二维图像,但检测准确率较低,建议采用多点测量和改进应力波测试仪器,以提高检测准确率.     

PV聚氨酯密封胶在高寒地区水泥混凝土路面的应用

详细地介绍了PV聚氨酯密封胶在高寒地区水泥混凝土路面接缝养护上的应用情况，阐述了PV聚氨酯密封胶的施工工艺和施工方法，对接缝料的配比试验和施工工艺提出了相应的技术要求。同时，分析了使用该材料的经济效益，肯定了在高寒地区的可用性和可推广性。     

健康黑松幼苗中的电波传递

以健康黑松(Pinus thunbergii)幼苗为材料,用非伤害性刺激,如冷冻和伤害性刺激,如：烧伤、刺伤、化学伤害等引发了植物体内的波形的变化,研究表明,非伤害性刺激能在幼苗体内引起动作电波的传递,伤害性刺激除了能引起动作电波的传递外,还能引起较为复杂的变异电波的传递并对这种现象进行了讨论。图4参28。